Abstract
The growth and emergence of maize silks has a considerable importance in yield determination under drought conditions. Spatial and temporal patterns of the rates of tissue expansion and of cell division were characterized in silks of plants subjected to different soil water potentials. In all cases, silk development consisted of four phases: (1) cell division and tissue expansion occurred together uniformly all along the silk; (2) cell division progressively ceased from tip to base, while expansion remained spatially uniform including during the phase (3) after the cessation of cell division; and (4) as the silk emerged from the husks, expansion ceased in the emerged portion, probably because of direct evaporative demand, while the relative growth rate progressively decreased in the enclosed part. The rates of tissue expansion and cell division were reduced with water deficit, resulting in delayed silk emergence. The duration of cell division was not affected, and in all cases, the end of cell division in the silk coincided with anther dehiscence. The duration of phase 3, between the end of cell division and the arrest of cell growth in silk apex, considerably increased with water deficit. It corresponded to the anthesis-silking interval used by breeders to characterize the response of cultivars to stress.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Maize silk development had four distinct phases of cell division and tissue expansion.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In all cases, silk development consisted of four phases: (1) cell division and tissue expansion occurred together uniformly all along the silk; (2) cell division progressively ceased from tip to base, while expansion remained spatially uniform including during the phase (3) after the cessation of cell division; and (4) as the silk emerged from the husks, expansion ceased in the emerged portion, probably because of direct evaporative demand, while the relative growth rate progressively decreased in the enclosed part”
e1“maize silks”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit reduced the maize silk tissue expansion rate.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rates of tissue expansion and cell division were reduced with water deficit, resulting in delayed silk emergence”
e1“maize silks”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit reduced the maize silk cell division rate.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rates of tissue expansion and cell division were reduced with water deficit, resulting in delayed silk emergence”
e1“maize silks”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit delayed maize silk emergence.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rates of tissue expansion and cell division were reduced with water deficit, resulting in delayed silk emergence”
e1“maize silks”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit did not affect the duration of maize silk cell division.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The duration of cell division was not affected”
e1“maize silks”
e2“water deficit, resulting in delayed silk emergence”
Claim · model-written summary
The end of maize silk cell division coincided with anther dehiscence across conditions.
- Outcome
- end of cell division in the silk coincided with anther dehiscencee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in all cases, the end of cell division in the silk coincided with anther dehiscence”
e1“maize silks”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit considerably increased duration of phase 3 of maize silk development.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The duration of phase 3, between the end of cell division and the arrest of cell growth in silk apex, considerably increased with water deficit”
e1“maize silks”
Claim · model-written summary
Phase 3 duration corresponded to the anthesis-silking interval used to characterize cultivar stress responses.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It corresponded to the anthesis-silking interval used by breeders to characterize the response of cultivars to stress”
t0“maize plants”
t1“silk expansion”
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