Abstract
Simple rain-shelter cultivation is normally applied during the grape growth season in continental monsoon climates aiming to reduce the occurrence of diseases caused by excessive rainfall. However, whether or not this cultivation practice affects the composition and concentration of phenolic compounds in wine grapes remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of rain-shelter cultivation on the accumulation of anthocyanins in wine grapes (Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon) grown in eastern China. The results showed that rain-shelter cultivation, compared with the open-field, extended the period of rapid accumulation of sugar, increased the soluble solid content in the grape berries, and delayed the senescence of the green leaves at harvest. The concentrations of most anthocyanins were significantly enhanced in the rain-shelter cultivated grapes, and their content increases were closely correlated with the accumulation of sugar. However, the compositions of anthocyanins in the berries were not altered. Correspondingly, the expressions of VvF3'H, VvF3'5'H, and VvUFGT were greatly up-regulated and this rising trend appeared to continue until berry maturation. These results suggested that rain-shelter cultivation might help to improve the quality of wine grape berries by prolonging the life of functional leaves and hence increasing the assimilation products.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Rain-shelter cultivation extended the period of rapid sugar accumulation compared with open-field cultivation.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.
Vitis viniferae0 - Treatment
- rain-shelter cultivatione1
- Outcome
- period of rapid accumulation of sugare1
- Direction
- extendede1
- Comparator
- open-fielde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wine grapes (Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon) grown in eastern China”
e1“rain-shelter cultivation, compared with the open-field, extended the period of rapid accumulation of sugar”
Claim · model-written summary
Rain-shelter cultivation increased the soluble solid content in the grape berries.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae0
- Treatment
- rain-shelter cultivatione1
- Outcome
- soluble solid contente2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- open-fielde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wine grapes (Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon) grown in eastern China”
e1“rain-shelter cultivation, compared with the open-field, extended the period of rapid accumulation of sugar”
e2“increased the soluble solid content in the grape berries”
Claim · model-written summary
Rain-shelter cultivation delayed senescence of the green leaves at harvest.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae0
- Treatment
- rain-shelter cultivatione1
- Outcome
- senescence of the green leaves at harveste3
- Direction
- delayede3
- Comparator
- open-fielde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wine grapes (Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon) grown in eastern China”
e1“rain-shelter cultivation, compared with the open-field, extended the period of rapid accumulation of sugar”
e3“delayed the senescence of the green leaves at harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Concentrations of most anthocyanins were significantly enhanced in rain-shelter cultivated grapes.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae0
- Treatment
- rain-sheltere4
- Outcome
- concentrations of most anthocyaninse4
- Direction
- enhancede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wine grapes (Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon) grown in eastern China”
e4“The concentrations of most anthocyanins were significantly enhanced in the rain-shelter cultivated grapes”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthocyanin content increases were closely correlated with the accumulation of sugar in the berries.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae0
- Compound
- sugare5
- Outcome
- content increasese5
- Direction
- increaseinferrede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wine grapes (Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon) grown in eastern China”
e5“their content increases were closely correlated with the accumulation of sugar”
Claim · model-written summary
Rain-shelter cultivation did not alter the composition of anthocyanins in the berries.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae0
- Treatment
- rain-shelter cultivatione1
- Outcome
- compositions of anthocyaninse6
- Direction
- not alterede6
- Comparator
- open-fielde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wine grapes (Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon) grown in eastern China”
e1“rain-shelter cultivation, compared with the open-field, extended the period of rapid accumulation of sugar”
e6“the compositions of anthocyanins in the berries were not altered”
Claim · model-written summary
Rain-shelter cultivation greatly up-regulated the expression of VvF3'H, VvF3'5'H and VvUFGT in the berries.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera L.Vitis viniferae0
- Treatment
- rain-shelter cultivatione1
- Gene
- VvF3'H, VvF3'5'H, and VvUFGTe7
- Outcome
- expressionse7
- Direction
- greatly up-regulatede7
- Comparator
- open-fielde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wine grapes (Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon) grown in eastern China”
e1“rain-shelter cultivation, compared with the open-field, extended the period of rapid accumulation of sugar”
e7“the expressions of VvF3'H, VvF3'5'H, and VvUFGT were greatly up-regulated”
Claim · model-written summary
Rain-shelter cultivation might improve the quality of wine grape berries by prolonging the life of functional leaves and increasing assimilation products.
Verbatim
e0“rain-shelter cultivation might help to improve the quality of wine grape berries by prolonging the life of functional leaves and hence increasing the assimilation products”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.