Abstract
During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation. The ABA concentration in the sheath tissue immediately surrounding the seed increases with time of development, whereas that of the locule declines. The water contents of the seed and fruit tissues are similar during early development (20-30 DAP), but decline in the seed tissues between 30 and 40 DAP. The water potential and the osmotic potential of the embryo are lower than that of the locular tissue after 35 DAP also. Seeds removed from the fruit at 30, 35, and 60 DAP and placed ex situ on 35 and 60 DAP sheath and locular tissue are prevented from germinating. Development of 30 DAP seeds is maintained or promoted by the ex situ fruit tissue with which they are in contact. Their germination is inhibited until subsequent transfer to water, and germination is normal, i.e. by radicle protrusion, and viable seedlings are produced, compared with 30 DAP seeds transferred directly to water; more of these seeds germinate, but by hypocotyl extension, and seedling viability is very poor. Isolated seeds at 35 and 60 DAP re-placed in contact with fruit tissues only germinate when transferred to water after 7 d. At 30 DAP, isolated seeds are insensitive to ABA at physiological concentrations in that they germinate as if on water, albeit by hypocotyl extension. At higher concentrations germination occurs by radicle protrusion. Osmoticum prevents germination, but there is some recovery upon subsequent transfer to water. Seeds at 35 DAP are very sensitive to ABA and exhibit little or no germination, even upon transfer to water. The response of the isolated seeds to osmoticum more closely approximates that to incubation on the ex situ fruit tissues than does their response to ABA. This is also the case for isolated 60 DAP seeds, whose germination is not prevented by ABA, but only by the osmoticum; these seeds are inhibited when in contact with ex situ fruit tissues also. It is proposed that the osmotic environment within the tissues of the tomato fruit plays a greater role than endogenous ABA in preventing precocious germination of the developing seeds.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Endogenous ABA concentration in tomato seeds peaked at about 50 DAP and declined at later stages.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Organ / stage
- seed developmente1
- Outcome
- endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentratione1
- Qualifier
- peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA concentration in the sheath tissue surrounding tomato seeds increased with development.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- sheath tissuee2
- Outcome
- ABA concentratione2
- Direction
- increasese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e2“The ABA concentration in the sheath tissue immediately surrounding the seed increases with time of development, whereas that of the locule declines.”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA concentration in the locule of tomato fruit declined with development.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- loculee2
- Outcome
- ABA concentratione2
- Direction
- declinese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e2“The ABA concentration in the sheath tissue immediately surrounding the seed increases with time of development, whereas that of the locule declines.”
Claim · model-written summary
Water contents of seed and fruit tissues were similar during early development, 20-30 DAP.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- water contents of the seed and fruit tissuese3
- Qualifier
- similar during early development (20-30 DAP)e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e3“The water contents of the seed and fruit tissues are similar during early development (20-30 DAP), but decline in the seed tissues between 30 and 40 DAP.”
Claim · model-written summary
Water content declined in the seed tissues between 30 and 40 DAP.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- seed tissuese3
- Outcome
- water contentse3
- Direction
- declinee3
- Qualifier
- between 30 and 40 DAPe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e3“The water contents of the seed and fruit tissues are similar during early development (20-30 DAP), but decline in the seed tissues between 30 and 40 DAP.”
Claim · model-written summary
The water potential and osmotic potential of the tomato embryo were lower than those of the locular tissue after 35 DAP.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- embryoe4
- Outcome
- The water potential and the osmotic potential of the embryoe4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Comparator
- locular tissuee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e4“The water potential and the osmotic potential of the embryo are lower than that of the locular tissue after 35 DAP also.”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato seeds removed at 30, 35 and 60 DAP and placed ex situ on 35 and 60 DAP sheath and locular tissue were prevented from germinating.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- placed ex situ on 35 and 60 DAP sheath and locular tissuee5
- Outcome
- germinatinge5
- Direction
- preventede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e5“Seeds removed from the fruit at 30, 35, and 60 DAP and placed ex situ on 35 and 60 DAP sheath and locular tissue are prevented from germinating.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ex situ fruit tissue maintained or promoted the development of 30 DAP tomato seeds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- ex situ fruit tissuee6
- Outcome
- Development of 30 DAP seedse6
- Direction
- maintained or promotede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e6“Development of 30 DAP seeds is maintained or promoted by the ex situ fruit tissue with which they are in contact.”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination of 30 DAP tomato seeds transferred to water after ex situ contact was normal, by radicle protrusion, with viable seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- subsequent transfer to watere7
- Outcome
- germinatione7
- Direction
- normale7
- Qualifier
- by radicle protrusione7
- Comparator
- transferred directly to watere7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e7“Their germination is inhibited until subsequent transfer to water, and germination is normal, i.e. by radicle protrusion, and viable seedlings are produced, compared with 30 DAP seeds transferred directly to water”
Claim · model-written summary
More 30 DAP tomato seeds germinated after transfer to water following ex situ contact, by hypocotyl extension.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- subsequent transfer to watere7
- Outcome
- germinatione7
- Direction
- moree7
- Qualifier
- by hypocotyl extensione7
- Comparator
- transferred directly to watere7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e7“Their germination is inhibited until subsequent transfer to water, and germination is normal, i.e. by radicle protrusion, and viable seedlings are produced, compared with 30 DAP seeds transferred directly to water; more of these seeds germinate, but by hypocotyl extension, and seedling viability is very poor.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling viability was very poor for 30 DAP tomato seeds that germinated by hypocotyl extension after transfer to water.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- subsequent transfer to watere7
- Outcome
- seedling viabilitye7
- Direction
- very poore7
- Comparator
- transferred directly to watere7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e7“Their germination is inhibited until subsequent transfer to water, and germination is normal, i.e. by radicle protrusion, and viable seedlings are produced, compared with 30 DAP seeds transferred directly to water; more of these seeds germinate, but by hypocotyl extension, and seedling viability is very poor.”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolated 35 and 60 DAP tomato seeds re-placed in contact with fruit tissues germinated only after 7 d of transfer to water.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- in contact with fruit tissuese2
- Outcome
- germinatee2
- Qualifier
- when transferred to water after 7 de2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e2“Isolated seeds at 35 and 60 DAP re-placed in contact with fruit tissues only germinate when transferred to water after 7 d.”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolated 30 DAP tomato seeds were insensitive to physiological ABA concentrations.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Compound
- ABAe2
- Outcome
- germinatee2
- Qualifier
- insensitive to ABA at physiological concentrationse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e2“At 30 DAP, isolated seeds are insensitive to ABA at physiological concentrations in that they germinate as if on water, albeit by hypocotyl extension.”
Claim · model-written summary
At higher ABA concentrations, isolated 30 DAP tomato seeds germinated by radicle protrusion.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Compound
- ABAe1
- Outcome
- germinatione2
- Qualifier
- At higher concentrationse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e2“At higher concentrations germination occurs by radicle protrusion.”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolated 35 DAP tomato seeds were very sensitive to ABA and showed little or no germination, even after transfer to water.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- Seeds at 35 DAPe2
- Compound
- ABAe2
- Outcome
- germinatione2
- Qualifier
- even upon transfer to watere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e2“Seeds at 35 DAP are very sensitive to ABA and exhibit little or no germination, even upon transfer to water.”
Claim · model-written summary
For isolated 60 DAP tomato seeds, germination was not prevented by ABA but only by osmoticum.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- isolated 60 DAP seedse2
- Treatment
- osmoticume2
- Outcome
- germinatione2
- Qualifier
- not prevented by ABA, but only by the osmoticume2
- Comparator
- ABAe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e2“This is also the case for isolated 60 DAP seeds, whose germination is not prevented by ABA, but only by the osmoticum; these seeds are inhibited when in contact with ex situ fruit tissues also.”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmoticum prevented germination of isolated tomato seeds, with some recovery after transfer to water.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Osmoticume2
- Outcome
- germinatione2
- Direction
- preventse2
- Qualifier
- some recovery upon subsequent transfer to watere2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e2“Osmoticum prevents germination, but there is some recovery upon subsequent transfer to water.”
Claim · model-written summary
The response of isolated tomato seeds to osmoticum more closely approximates their response to ex situ fruit tissues than to ABA.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- osmoticume2
- Outcome
- The response of the isolated seeds to osmoticume2
- Direction
- more closely approximatese2
- Comparator
- ABAe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e2“The response of the isolated seeds to osmoticum more closely approximates that to incubation on the ex situ fruit tissues than does their response to ABA.”
Claim · model-written summary
The osmotic environment within tomato fruit tissues plays a greater role than endogenous ABA in preventing precocious germination of developing seeds.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Outcome
- precocious germinatione2
- Qualifier
- osmotic environment within the tissues of the tomato fruite2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“During tomato seed development the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration peaks at about 50 d after pollination (DAP) and then declines at later stages (60-70 DAP) of maturation.”
e2“It is proposed that the osmotic environment within the tissues of the tomato fruit plays a greater role than endogenous ABA in preventing precocious germination of the developing seeds.”
The same questions in other papers
pollination · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.