Abstract
Abstract Experiments conducted at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the Philippines, showed that all commonly marketed formulations and derivatives of 2,4-D and MCPA were equally effective in controlling barnyard grass [Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv.] and other annual weeds in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L). In the Philippines, these phenoxy acid herbicides cost US$2.50/ha as liquid formulations and US$5.50/ha as granular formulations. These low-cost herbicides provide excellent alternatives to hand weeding in transplanted tropical rice. Other herbicides which can control weeds before or after the weeds emerge are more expensive than 2,4-D or MCPA. Some of these selective herbicides, such as butachlor and TCE-styrene + 2,4-D, are in the Philippine market. Their prices vary from US$8 to US$12/ha. For direct-seeded flooded rice, granular formulations of several new herbicides, such as butachlor, benthio-carb and C-288 (chemistry not yet disclosed), were highly selective in controlling barnyardgrass and other annual weeds under tropical conditions. C-288 controls algae in addition to annual weeds in direct-seeded flooded rice. Of these three promising herbicides, only butachlor is marketed in the Philippines at US$8/ha. For upland rice, the chemicals which look promising are butachlor, benthiocarb and fluorodifen. Butachlor liquid is available to rice farmers in Asia at about US$16/ha. These herbicides provide an excellent alternative to hand weeding. Generally a complete job of weed control in upland rice requires more than one hand weeding.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Marketed 2,4-D and MCPA formulations were equally effective against barnyard grass and annual weeds in transplanted rice.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- 2,4-D and MCPAe0
- Interactor
- barnyard grass
Echinochloa crus-gallie0weed - Outcome
- controlling barnyard grasse0
- Direction
- equally effectivee0
- Setting
- Philippinese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Abstract Experiments conducted at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the Philippines, showed that all commonly marketed formulations and derivatives of 2,4-D and MCPA were equally effective in controlling barnyard grass [Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv.] and other annual weeds in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L).”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenoxy acid herbicides were low cost alternatives to hand weeding in transplanted rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- excellent alternatives to hand weedinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These low-cost herbicides provide excellent alternatives to hand weeding in transplanted tropical rice.”
Claim · model-written summary
Several granular herbicides were highly selective against barnyardgrass and annual weeds in direct-seeded flooded rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- granular formulations of several new herbicidese0
- Interactor
- barnyardgrassEchinochloa crus-gallie0weed
- Outcome
- controlling barnyardgrass and other annual weedse0
- Direction
- highly selectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For direct-seeded flooded rice, granular formulations of several new herbicides, such as butachlor, benthio-carb and C-288 (chemistry not yet disclosed), were highly selective in controlling barnyardgrass and other annual weeds under tropical conditions.”
Claim · model-written summary
C-288 controlled algae as well as annual weeds in direct-seeded flooded rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- C-288e0
- Interactor
- algaee0other
- Outcome
- controls algaee0
- Direction
- controlse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C-288 controls algae in addition to annual weeds in direct-seeded flooded rice.”
Claim · model-written summary
Butachlor, benthiocarb and fluorodifen looked promising for upland rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- look promisinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For upland rice, the chemicals which look promising are butachlor, benthiocarb and fluorodifen.”
Claim · model-written summary
These herbicides offer an alternative to hand weeding in upland rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- excellent alternative to hand weedinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These herbicides provide an excellent alternative to hand weeding.”
t0“Rice”
The same questions in other papers
2,4-D · Echinochloa crus-galli · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid · Echinochloa crus-galli · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
herbicide · Echinochloa crus-galli · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- negative
30 papers more in this group
See all 34 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.