Abstract
The potential of measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence in vivo to detect cellular responses to salinity and degrees of salt stress in leaves was investigated for three crop plants. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) (salt tolerant), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) (moderately salt tolerant), and bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L. cv Canadian Wonder) (salt intolerant) were grown in pots and watered with mineral nutrient solution containing 100 millimolar NaCl. The fast rise in variable chlorophyll fluorescence yield that is correlated with photoreduction of photosystem II acceptors increased in leaves of sugar beet plants treated with salt suggesting stimulation of photosystem II activity relative to photosystem I. In sunflower, this fast rise was depressed by approximately 25% and the subsequent slow rate of quenching of the chlorophyll fluorescence was stimulated. These differences were more marked in the older mature leaves indicating an increasing gradient of salt response down the plant. The salt effect in vivo was reversible since chloroplasts isolated from mature leaves of salt-treated and control sunflower plants gave similar photosystem II activities. Unlike in sugar beet and sunflower, leaves of salt-treated bean progressively lost chlorophyll. The rate of slow quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence decreased indicating development of a partial block after photosystem II and possible initial stimulation of photosystem II activity. With further loss of chlorophyll photosystem II activity declined. It was concluded that measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence in vivo can provide a rapid means of detecting salt stress in leaves, including instances where photosynthesis is reduced in the absence of visible symptoms. The possible application to screening for salt tolerance is discussed.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Salt increased the fast rise in variable chlorophyll fluorescence in sugar beet leaves.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0 - Treatment
- salte0
- Outcome
- fast rise in variable chlorophyll fluorescence yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fast rise in variable chlorophyll fluorescence yield that is correlated with photoreduction of photosystem II acceptors increased in leaves of sugar beet plants treated with salt”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt depressed the fast fluorescence rise in sunflower by approximately 25%.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Treatment
- saltt0
- Outcome
- fast risee0
- Direction
- depressede0
- Value
- approximately 25%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In sunflower, this fast rise was depressed by approximately 25%”
t0“Salt Tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stimulated the slow rate of fluorescence quenching in sunflower.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- saltt0
- Outcome
- slow rate of quenching of the chlorophyll fluorescencee0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In sunflower, this fast rise was depressed by approximately 25% and the subsequent slow rate of quenching of the chlorophyll fluorescence was stimulated”
t0“Salt Tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower fluorescence differences were more marked in older mature leaves.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- older mature leavese0
- Outcome
- differencese0
- Direction
- more markede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These differences were more marked in the older mature leaves indicating an increasing gradient of salt response down the plant”
t0“sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloroplasts from salt-treated and control sunflower leaves had similar PSII activities.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- salt-treatede0
- Outcome
- photosystem II activitiese0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chloroplasts isolated from mature leaves of salt-treated and control sunflower plants gave similar photosystem II activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt-treated bean leaves progressively lost chlorophyll.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“leaves of salt-treated bean progressively lost chlorophyll”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow fluorescence quenching rate decreased in bean under salt treatment.
- Taxon
- beane1
- Treatment
- Saltt0
- Outcome
- rate of slow quenching of chlorophyll fluorescencee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The rate of slow quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence decreased indicating development of a partial block after photosystem II”
t0“Salt Tolerance”
e1“leaves of salt-treated bean progressively lost chlorophyll”
Claim · model-written summary
PSII activity declined with further chlorophyll loss in bean.
Verbatim
e0“With further loss of chlorophyll photosystem II activity declined”
t0“Salt Tolerance”
e1“leaves of salt-treated bean progressively lost chlorophyll”
Claim · model-written summary
In vivo chlorophyll fluorescence measurements can rapidly detect leaf salt stress, including reduced photosynthesis without visible symptoms.
Not reportedValue
Verbatim
e0“measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence in vivo can provide a rapid means of detecting salt stress in leaves, including instances where photosynthesis is reduced in the absence of visible symptoms”
t0“Crop Plants”
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See all 23 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.