Abstract
The activity of xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET) was as-sayed in three tissue zones of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa [A. Chev.] C.F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson var deliciosa cv Hayward) at harvest and at several softening stages following a postharvest ethylene treatment. At harvest, extractable XET activity per unit fresh weight in the inner pericarp (IP) and core tissue was 4.5 and 42 times higher, respectively, than in the outer pericarp (OP). Within 24 h of ethylene treatment there was an increase in the activity and specific activity of XET in all tissues that continued throughout softening. Activity increased most in the OP, where it showed a 12-fold rise 6 d after ethylene treatment compared with 4.5- and 2.5-fold increases in the IP and core tissues, respectively. Visible swelling of the cell wall in each tissue was observed 24 h after the first detectable rise in XET activity and was most pronounced in the OP, which showed the greatest percentage increase in XET activity. Xyloglucan, galactoglucomannan, and cell wall materials isolated and purified from kiwifruit OP were tested as donor substrates for kiwifruit XET. The enzyme showed activity against xyloglucan but was inactive against galactoglucomannan. XET was active against cell wall materials from unripe and ripe fruit, with swollen walls from the latter being the better substrate. The results indicate that XET may have a key role early in fruit ripening, loosening the cell wall in preparation for further modification by other cell wall-associated enzymes.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
At harvest, inner pericarp XET activity was 4.5 times that of outer pericarp.
- Taxon
- Kiwifruit
Actinidia deliciosat0 - Organ / stage
- inner pericarp (IP)e0
- Gene
- XETe0
- Outcome
- extractable XET activity per unit fresh weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 4.5e0
- Comparator
- outer pericarp (OP)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)”
e0“At harvest, extractable XET activity per unit fresh weight in the inner pericarp (IP) and core tissue was 4.5 and 42 times higher, respectively, than in the outer pericarp (OP).”
Claim · model-written summary
At harvest, core XET activity was 42 times that of outer pericarp.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Organ / stage
- core tissuee0
- Gene
- XETe0
- Outcome
- extractable XET activity per unit fresh weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 42 timese0
- Comparator
- outer pericarp (OP)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)”
e0“At harvest, extractable XET activity per unit fresh weight in the inner pericarp (IP) and core tissue was 4.5 and 42 times higher, respectively, than in the outer pericarp (OP).”
Claim · model-written summary
XET activity and specific activity increased in all tissues within 24 hours of ethylene treatment and through softening.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Treatment
- ethylene treatmente0
- Gene
- XETe0
- Outcome
- activity and specific activity of XETe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- Within 24 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)”
e0“Within 24 h of ethylene treatment there was an increase in the activity and specific activity of XET in all tissues that continued throughout softening.”
Claim · model-written summary
Outer pericarp XET activity rose 12-fold six days after ethylene.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Organ / stage
- OPe0
- Treatment
- ethylene treatmente0
- Outcome
- Activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)”
e0“Activity increased most in the OP, where it showed a 12-fold rise 6 d after ethylene treatment compared with 4.5- and 2.5-fold increases in the IP and core tissues, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Inner pericarp XET activity rose 4.5-fold after ethylene.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Organ / stage
- IPe0
- Treatment
- ethylene treatmente0
- Outcome
- Activitye0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 4.5-e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)”
e0“Activity increased most in the OP, where it showed a 12-fold rise 6 d after ethylene treatment compared with 4.5- and 2.5-fold increases in the IP and core tissues, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Core XET activity rose 2.5-fold after ethylene.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Organ / stage
- core tissuese0
- Treatment
- ethylene treatmente0
- Outcome
- Activitye0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 2.5-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)”
e0“Activity increased most in the OP, where it showed a 12-fold rise 6 d after ethylene treatment compared with 4.5- and 2.5-fold increases in the IP and core tissues, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell walls swelled 24 hours after the first rise in XET activity, most strongly in outer pericarp.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Organ / stage
- OPe0
- Gene
- XETe0
- Outcome
- Visible swelling of the cell walle0
- Qualifier
- 24 h after the first detectable rise in XET activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)”
e0“Visible swelling of the cell wall in each tissue was observed 24 h after the first detectable rise in XET activity and was most pronounced in the OP”
Claim · model-written summary
Kiwifruit XET was active against xyloglucan.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Gene
- The enzymee0
- Outcome
- activity against xyloglucane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)”
e0“The enzyme showed activity against xyloglucan but was inactive against galactoglucomannan.”
Claim · model-written summary
Kiwifruit XET was inactive against galactoglucomannan.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Gene
- The enzymee0
- Outcome
- inactive against galactoglucomannane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)”
e0“The enzyme showed activity against xyloglucan but was inactive against galactoglucomannan.”
Claim · model-written summary
XET was active against cell wall material from both unripe and ripe fruit, with ripe swollen walls the better substrate.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Gene
- XETe0
- Outcome
- active against cell wall materials from unripe and ripe fruite0
- Qualifier
- swollen walls from the latter being the better substratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)”
e0“XET was active against cell wall materials from unripe and ripe fruit, with swollen walls from the latter being the better substrate.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer an early role for XET in cell wall loosening during ripening.
- Taxon
- KiwifruitActinidia deliciosat0
- Gene
- XETe0
- Outcome
- loosening the cell walle0
- Qualifier
- may have a key role early in fruit ripeninge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)”
e0“The results indicate that XET may have a key role early in fruit ripening, loosening the cell wall in preparation for further modification by other cell wall-associated enzymes.”
The same questions in other papers
ethene · molecular: metabolites · Actinidia deliciosa (kiwifruit)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.