Abstract
Abstract The effects of stocking rate and N fertilizer on a mixed sward of perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne) and white clover ( Trifolium repens ) set‐stocked with sheep were examined. Sward production and composition, and sheep production were studied. Increasing the stocking rate over the range 25–55 yearling sheep ha −1 reduced herbage accumulation by about 40%, whether or not N fertilizer was applied. Increasing the stocking rate increased the density of ryegrass tillers, but reduced the density of clover stolons and the clover content of the swards. Applications of N fertilizer (200 kg N ha −1 a −1 ) increased herbage accumulation by about 20% but substantially reduced the clover content. Liveweight gain per animal and per unit area were greater at the lower stocking rates where the clover content and nutritive value of the diet were greatest. Wool growth per unit area was greater at the higher stocking rates. Applications of 1M fertilizer increased liveweight gain at stocking rates above 25 sheep ha −1 , but had no effect on wool production at any stocking rate. The results demonstrate that a stable and productive grass‐clover association was maintained under conditions of set‐stocking at around 23 yearling sheep ha −1 and that at this stocking rate, which appears to be about the biological optimum, there was no advantage in using N fertilizer.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Higher stocking rate reduced herbage accumulation about 40%.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrass
Lolium perennet0 - Treatment
- Increasing the stocking rate over the range 25–55 yearling sheep ha −1e0
- Outcome
- herbage accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- about 40%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the stocking rate over the range 25–55 yearling sheep ha −1 reduced herbage accumulation by about 40%, whether or not N fertilizer was applied.”
t0“perennial ryegrass‐white clover sward”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher stocking rate increased density of ryegrass tillers.
LoliumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the stocking rate increased the density of ryegrass tillers, but reduced the density of clover stolons and the clover content of the swards.”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher stocking rate reduced density of clover stolons.
TrifoliumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the stocking rate increased the density of ryegrass tillers, but reduced the density of clover stolons and the clover content of the swards.”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher stocking rate reduced clover content of the swards.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the stocking rate increased the density of ryegrass tillers, but reduced the density of clover stolons and the clover content of the swards.”
Claim · model-written summary
N fertilizer increased herbage accumulation.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennet0
- Treatment
- N fertilizer (200 kg N ha −1 a −1 )e0
- Outcome
- herbage accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- about 20%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applications of N fertilizer (200 kg N ha −1 a −1 ) increased herbage accumulation by about 20% but substantially reduced the clover content.”
t0“perennial ryegrass‐white clover sward”
Claim · model-written summary
N fertilizer reduced clover content.
- Taxon
- white clover
Trifolium repenst0 - Treatment
- N fertilizer (200 kg N ha −1 a −1 )e0
- Outcome
- clover contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applications of N fertilizer (200 kg N ha −1 a −1 ) increased herbage accumulation by about 20% but substantially reduced the clover content.”
t0“perennial ryegrass‐white clover sward”
Claim · model-written summary
Liveweight gain per animal was greater at lower stocking rates.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennet0
- Treatment
- lower stocking ratese0
- Outcome
- Liveweight gain per animale0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Liveweight gain per animal and per unit area were greater at the lower stocking rates where the clover content and nutritive value of the diet were greatest.”
t0“perennial ryegrass‐white clover sward”
Claim · model-written summary
per unit area was greater at lower stocking rates.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennet0
- Treatment
- lower stocking ratese0
- Outcome
- per unit areae0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Liveweight gain per animal and per unit area were greater at the lower stocking rates where the clover content and nutritive value of the diet were greatest.”
t0“perennial ryegrass‐white clover sward”
Claim · model-written summary
Wool growth per unit area was greater at higher stocking rates.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennet0
- Treatment
- higher stocking ratese0
- Outcome
- Wool growth per unit areae0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wool growth per unit area was greater at the higher stocking rates.”
t0“perennial ryegrass‐white clover sward”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer increased liveweight gain above 25 sheep per hectare.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennet0
- Treatment
- 1M fertilizere0
- Outcome
- liveweight gaine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- stocking rates above 25 sheep ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applications of 1M fertilizer increased liveweight gain at stocking rates above 25 sheep ha −1 , but had no effect on wool production at any stocking rate.”
t0“perennial ryegrass‐white clover sward”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer had no effect on wool production at any stocking rate.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennet0
- Treatment
- 1M fertilizere0
- Outcome
- wool productione0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- at any stocking ratee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applications of 1M fertilizer increased liveweight gain at stocking rates above 25 sheep ha −1 , but had no effect on wool production at any stocking rate.”
t0“perennial ryegrass‐white clover sward”
Claim · model-written summary
A stable productive grass clover association persisted around 23 sheep per hectare.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennet0
- Outcome
- stable and productive grass‐clover associatione0
- Qualifier
- around 23 yearling sheep ha −1e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results demonstrate that a stable and productive grass‐clover association was maintained under conditions of set‐stocking at around 23 yearling sheep ha −1 and that at this stocking rate, which appears to be about the biological optimum, there was no advantage in using N fertilizer.”
t0“perennial ryegrass‐white clover sward”
Claim · model-written summary
At around 23 sheep per hectare N fertilizer offered no advantage.
- Taxon
- perennial ryegrassLolium perennet0
- Outcome
- no advantage in using N fertilizere0
- Qualifier
- around 23 yearling sheep ha −1e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results demonstrate that a stable and productive grass‐clover association was maintained under conditions of set‐stocking at around 23 yearling sheep ha −1 and that at this stocking rate, which appears to be about the biological optimum, there was no advantage in using N fertilizer.”
t0“perennial ryegrass‐white clover sward”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass)Positive and negative results
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 26 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
36 papers more in this group
See all 40 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.