Abstract
A study was conducted to seek means to increase the colonization of the rhizosphere of soybeans (Glycine max L. Merrill) by Rhizobium japonicum. For this purpose, a strain of R. japonicum that was resistant to benomyl, streptomycin, and erythromycin was used. The numbers of R. japonicum rose quickly in the first 2 days after soybean seeds were planted in soil and then rapidly fell. The decline was slower if the seeds were coated with benomyl. This fungicide reduced the numbers of bacteria and protozoa in the rhizosphere, but the effect became less or disappeared as the plants grew. In sterile soil inoculated with R. japonicum and a mixture of microorganisms, the numbers of R. japonicum were usually lower if protozoa were present than if they were absent. Nodulation and plant yield were increased by the addition of benomyl to soybean seeds sown in sterile soil inoculated with R. japonicum and a mixture of microorganisms. The addition of streptomycin and erythromycin to soil stimulated the growth of R. japonicum but inhibited other bacteria in the presence or absence of soybeans. The data indicate that colonization can be increased by the use of antimicrobial agents and R. japonicum strains resistant to those inhibitors.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium numbers rose in the first two days after planting, then fell rapidly.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Interactor
- R. japonicume0symbiont
- Outcome
- numbers of R. japonicume0
- Direction
- rose quicklye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The numbers of R. japonicum rose quickly in the first 2 days after soybean seeds were planted in soil and then rapidly fell”
Claim · model-written summary
Benomyl seed coating slowed the decline of Rhizobium.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- coated with benomyle0
- Interactor
- R. japonicume2symbiont
- Outcome
- declinee0
- Direction
- slowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The decline was slower if the seeds were coated with benomyl”
e1“after soybean seeds were planted in soil”
e2“The numbers of R. japonicum rose quickly”
Claim · model-written summary
Benomyl reduced rhizosphere bacteria and protozoa, with an effect that waned as plants grew.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Treatment
- benomyle1
- Outcome
- numbers of bacteria and protozoa in the rhizospheree0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This fungicide reduced the numbers of bacteria and protozoa in the rhizosphere, but the effect became less or disappeared as the plants grew”
e1“seeds were coated with benomyl”
e2“after soybean seeds were planted in soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium numbers were usually lower with protozoa present in inoculated sterile soil.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe1
- Interactor
- R. japonicume0symbiont
- Outcome
- numbers of R. japonicume0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- protozoa were present than if they were absente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In sterile soil inoculated with R. japonicum and a mixture of microorganisms, the numbers of R. japonicum were usually lower if protozoa were present than if they were absent”
e1“soybeans (Glycine max L. Merrill)”
Claim · model-written summary
Benomyl increased soybean nodulation in inoculated sterile soil.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- addition of benomyl to soybean seedse0
- Interactor
- R. japonicume0symbiont
- Outcome
- Nodulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- sterile soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation and plant yield were increased by the addition of benomyl to soybean seeds sown in sterile soil inoculated with R. japonicum and a mixture of microorganisms”
Claim · model-written summary
Benomyl increased soybean yield in inoculated sterile soil.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- addition of benomyl to soybean seedse0
- Interactor
- R. japonicume0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- sterile soile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodulation and plant yield were increased by the addition of benomyl to soybean seeds sown in sterile soil inoculated with R. japonicum and a mixture of microorganisms”
Claim · model-written summary
Streptomycin and erythromycin stimulated Rhizobium growth with or without soybeans.
- Taxon
- R. japonicume0
- Treatment
- streptomycin and erythromycine0
- Outcome
- growth of R. japonicume0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Qualifier
- in the presence or absence of soybeanse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The addition of streptomycin and erythromycin to soil stimulated the growth of R. japonicum but inhibited other bacteria in the presence or absence of soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Streptomycin and erythromycin inhibited other soil bacteria with or without soybeans.
- Taxon
- other bacteriae0
- Treatment
- streptomycin and erythromycine0
- Outcome
- other bacteriae0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Qualifier
- in the presence or absence of soybeanse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The addition of streptomycin and erythromycin to soil stimulated the growth of R. japonicum but inhibited other bacteria in the presence or absence of soybeans”
The same questions in other papers
benomyl · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →benomyl · symbiosis · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.