Abstract
Sunflower plants were grown on soil contaminated with several levels of Cd (from 0.3 to 15 mg Cd kg/soil). Cd and nutrient (Cu, Zn, Fe, Ca, K, Mg) contents were evaluated in root and aboveground biomass during the vegetative growth period (from the emergence of the cotyledon leaves to the flower bud phase). An overall increase of Cd content was found in the plants during the growing cycle. Significant interactions were found between Cd contamination levels and phenological stages for Cu, Fe, Ca and Mg content in the whole plant. Cd levels involved significant increases of such nutrients only at the flower bud phase. At this stage, significant interactions between Cd levels in soil and plant portions (root and shoot) were found only for micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe). The translocation of micronutrients from root to the shoot was negatively affected by Cd, which probably interferes with the mechanisms of the element transport in the plant. Root stored about 70% of the total Cd and showed greater imbalance in nutrient content compared to the aboveground portion. Cadmium affects plant nutritive status in a different way depending on Cd contamination level, nutrient considered, plant portion and phenological stage.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Plant cadmium content increased over the growing cycle.
- Taxon
- sunflower plants
Helianthus annuust0 - Outcome
- Cd contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- during the growing cyclee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An overall increase of Cd content was found in the plants during the growing cycle.”
t0“sunflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium level and phenological stage interacted significantly for whole-plant Cu, Fe, Ca, and Mg content.
- Taxon
- sunflower plantsHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- whole plante0
- Treatment
- Cd contamination levelse0
- Outcome
- Cu, Fe, Ca and Mg contente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant interactions were found between Cd contamination levels and phenological stages for Cu, Fe, Ca and Mg content in the whole plant.”
t0“sunflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium levels significantly increased these nutrients only at the flower bud phase.
- Taxon
- sunflower plantsHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- flower bud phasee0
- Treatment
- Cd levelse0
- Outcome
- Cu, Fe, Ca and Mg contente1
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cd levels involved significant increases of such nutrients only at the flower bud phase.”
e1“Cu, Fe, Ca and Mg content”
t0“sunflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At the flower bud phase, soil Cd level interacted significantly with root versus shoot for Zn, Cu, and Fe.
- Taxon
- sunflower plantsHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- root and shoote0
- Treatment
- Cd levels in soile0
- Outcome
- micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At this stage, significant interactions between Cd levels in soil and plant portions (root and shoot) were found only for micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe).”
t0“sunflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium negatively affected micronutrient translocation from roots to shoots.
- Taxon
- sunflower plantsHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Cde0
- Outcome
- translocation of micronutrients from root to the shoote0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The translocation of micronutrients from root to the shoot was negatively affected by Cd”
t0“sunflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots stored about 70% of total plant Cd.
- Taxon
- sunflower plantsHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- Roote0
- Outcome
- total Cde0
- Value
- 70%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root stored about 70% of the total Cd”
t0“sunflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Root nutrient content showed greater imbalance than aboveground nutrient content.
- Taxon
- sunflower plantsHelianthus annuust0
- Organ / stage
- Roote0
- Outcome
- imbalance in nutrient contente0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- aboveground portione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root stored about 70% of the total Cd and showed greater imbalance in nutrient content compared to the aboveground portion.”
t0“sunflower plants”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium atom · nutrient: content · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.