Abstract
Mites are considered the second pest in importance in papaya (Carica papaya L.) in Veracruz, Mexico, caused by a general increment in pesticide use that might unbalance predatory populations. Efficacy of acaricides was evaluated against phytophagous mites, and their selectivity to predators in papaya cv. Maradol. A completely randomized block design with nine treatments and four replications was used. Significant differences (P = 0.005) were found in the number of phytophagous mites alive per leaf after the third weekly application. The lowest populations of pest mites per leaf (2.6, 3.9, 3.5 and 4.9) were observed in the following treatments: dicofol rotated with bifenthrin, paraffinic oil alone, sulphur powder alone and a weekly regime of fatty acid salts followed by paraffinic oil and azadirachtin 1.2%. Azadirachtin 1.2% alone had a lower efficacy than the previous group (5.8 mites per leaf), and the following pesticides were not significantly different (P > 0.05) than the control (17.4 mites per leaf): fatty acids sprayed alone (6.7), azadirachtin 4.5% alone (9.5) and drenched imidacloprid (7.6). No differences were found among treatments in the number of predatory mites, possibly due to the low mite densities found.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Pest mite numbers differed significantly among treatments after the third application.
- Taxon
- papaya
_-_DPLA_-_55200ec009622d7d42349f3583df310e.jpg?width=60)
Carica papayat0 - Interactor
- phytophagous mitese0pest
- Outcome
- number of phytophagous mites alive per leafe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_-_DPLA_-_55200ec009622d7d42349f3583df310e.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Significant differences (P = 0.005) were found in the number of phytophagous mites alive per leaf after the third weekly application.”
t0“PAPAYA”
Claim · model-written summary
Dicofol rotated with bifenthrin gave 2.6 pest mites per leaf, among the lowest populations.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayat0
- Treatment
- dicofol rotated with bifenthrine0
- Interactor
- pest mitese0pest
- Outcome
- pest mites per leafe0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 2.6e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest populations of pest mites per leaf (2.6, 3.9, 3.5 and 4.9) were observed in the following treatments: dicofol rotated with bifenthrin, paraffinic oil alone, sulphur powder alone and a weekly regime of fatty acid salts followed by paraffinic oil and azadirachtin 1.2%.”
t0“PAPAYA”
Claim · model-written summary
Paraffinic oil alone gave 3.9 pest mites per leaf, among the lowest populations.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayat0
- Treatment
- paraffinic oil alonee0
- Interactor
- pest mitese0pest
- Outcome
- pest mites per leafe0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 3.9e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest populations of pest mites per leaf (2.6, 3.9, 3.5 and 4.9) were observed in the following treatments: dicofol rotated with bifenthrin, paraffinic oil alone, sulphur powder alone and a weekly regime of fatty acid salts followed by paraffinic oil and azadirachtin 1.2%.”
t0“PAPAYA”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulphur powder alone gave 3.5 pest mites per leaf, among the lowest populations.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayat0
- Treatment
- sulphur powder alonee0
- Interactor
- pest mitese0pest
- Outcome
- pest mites per leafe0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 3.5e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest populations of pest mites per leaf (2.6, 3.9, 3.5 and 4.9) were observed in the following treatments: dicofol rotated with bifenthrin, paraffinic oil alone, sulphur powder alone and a weekly regime of fatty acid salts followed by paraffinic oil and azadirachtin 1.2%.”
t0“PAPAYA”
Claim · model-written summary
Fatty acid salts followed by paraffinic oil and azadirachtin 1.2% gave 4.9 pest mites per leaf, among the lowest populations.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayat0
- Treatment
- a weekly regime of fatty acid salts followed by paraffinic oil and azadirachtin 1.2%e0
- Interactor
- pest mitese0pest
- Outcome
- pest mites per leafe0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 4.9e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest populations of pest mites per leaf (2.6, 3.9, 3.5 and 4.9) were observed in the following treatments: dicofol rotated with bifenthrin, paraffinic oil alone, sulphur powder alone and a weekly regime of fatty acid salts followed by paraffinic oil and azadirachtin 1.2%.”
t0“PAPAYA”
Claim · model-written summary
Azadirachtin 1.2% alone had lower efficacy, with 5.8 mites per leaf.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayat0
- Treatment
- Azadirachtin 1.2% alonee0
- Interactor
- mitese0pest
- Outcome
- efficacye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 5.8 mites per leafe0
- Comparator
- previous groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Azadirachtin 1.2% alone had a lower efficacy than the previous group (5.8 mites per leaf)”
t0“PAPAYA”
Claim · model-written summary
Fatty acids alone did not differ significantly from control, with 6.7 mites per leaf.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayat0
- Treatment
- fatty acids sprayed alonee0
- Interactor
- mitese0pest
- Outcome
- mites per leafe0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
- Value
- 6.7e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the following pesticides were not significantly different (P > 0.05) than the control (17.4 mites per leaf): fatty acids sprayed alone (6.7), azadirachtin 4.5% alone (9.5) and drenched imidacloprid (7.6).”
t0“PAPAYA”
Claim · model-written summary
Azadirachtin 4.5% alone did not differ significantly from control, with 9.5 mites per leaf.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayat0
- Treatment
- azadirachtin 4.5% alonee0
- Interactor
- mitese0pest
- Outcome
- mites per leafe0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
- Value
- 9.5e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the following pesticides were not significantly different (P > 0.05) than the control (17.4 mites per leaf): fatty acids sprayed alone (6.7), azadirachtin 4.5% alone (9.5) and drenched imidacloprid (7.6).”
t0“PAPAYA”
Claim · model-written summary
Drenched imidacloprid did not differ significantly from control, with 7.6 mites per leaf.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayat0
- Treatment
- drenched imidaclopride0
- Interactor
- mitese0pest
- Outcome
- mites per leafe0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
- Value
- 7.6e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the following pesticides were not significantly different (P > 0.05) than the control (17.4 mites per leaf): fatty acids sprayed alone (6.7), azadirachtin 4.5% alone (9.5) and drenched imidacloprid (7.6).”
t0“PAPAYA”
Claim · model-written summary
Predatory mite numbers did not differ among treatments.
- Taxon
- papayaCarica papayat0
- Interactor
- predatory mitese0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- number of predatory mitese0
- Direction
- No differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No differences were found among treatments in the number of predatory mites, possibly due to the low mite densities found.”
t0“PAPAYA”
The same questions in other papers
dicofol · pest · Carica papaya (papaya)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
bifenthrin · pest · Carica papaya (papaya)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
sulfur atom · pest · Carica papaya (papaya)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
fatty acid · pest · Carica papaya (papaya)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
azadirachtin · pest · Carica papaya (papaya)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
azadirachtin · control · Carica papaya (papaya)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
imidacloprid · pest · Carica papaya (papaya)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
rotation · pest · Carica papaya (papaya)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.