Abstract
In this study, extraction of volatile compounds from the peel and pulp of three species of fully ripe mangoes (Mangifera odorata, Mangifera laurina and Mangifera rubropetalata) was undertaken through headspace-solid phase microextraction technique using SPME device with 65 IJm Polydimethylsiloxane/Divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) fiber. Identification of volatile compounds was achieved in a system of high resolution gas chromatograph coupled with mass spectrometer. A total of 110 volatile compounds were identified in the peel and pulp of all the three species of mango. The peel contained more volatile compounds compared to the pulp and therefore a significant difference exists between them. Among the three species studied, mangga Wani (M. odorata) had the highest number of volatile compounds followed by mangga Ayer (M. laurina) and Mempelam (M. rubropetalata) respectively. The major compounds identified in all the three species were hexenal, 2-hexenal, 3- hexenal, 3-carene, (+)-4-carene, biocyclo [4.1.0] hept-2-ene, 3,7,-trimethyl-, cyclohexene l-methyl-4-(1-methylidene), pentanoic acid, D-limonene, 1,3,6-octatriene, caryophyllene and 1,4,7-cycloundecatriene. The effect of storage conditions on the volatile compounds was also investigated in this study. Two third of the mangoes from each species were stored at 10°C and -20°C for one week whereas rest of the samples were extracted at the fresh state. The peel and the pulp of the mangoes were separated and introduced into polyethylene bags prior storage. Fresh mangoes had the highest number of volatile compounds followed by frozen mango at -20°C and finally chilled mango at 10°C. Freezing increased slightly the composition of major compounds as listed above in all the three species and the volatiles obtained for mango stored in this manner provided very close agreement with those for the ideal, fully ripe mango. Chilling has resulted in considerable loss of volatile compounds and the effect was lesser in the peel compared to pulp of mangoes.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Across three mango species, 110 volatile compounds were identified in peel and pulp.
- Taxon
- mango
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Mangifera indicae0 - Organ / stage
- peel and pulpe0
- Outcome
- volatile compoundse0
- Value
- 110e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_from_India.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“A total of 110 volatile compounds were identified in the peel and pulp of all the three species of mango.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mango peel contained significantly more volatile compounds than pulp.
- Taxon
- mangoesMangifera indicat0
- Organ / stage
- peele0
- Outcome
- volatile compoundse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- pulpe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The peel contained more volatile compounds compared to the pulp and therefore a significant difference exists between them.”
t0“mangoes”
Claim · model-written summary
M. odorata had the highest volatile compound count, followed by M. laurina and M. rubropetalata.
- Taxon
- M. odorata
Mangifera odoratae0 - Outcome
- number of volatile compoundse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- M. laurinae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mangga Wani (M. odorata) had the highest number of volatile compounds followed by mangga Ayer (M. laurina) and Mempelam (M. rubropetalata) respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
The three mango species shared the reported major volatile compounds.
Verbatim
e0“The major compounds identified in all the three species were hexenal, 2-hexenal, 3- hexenal, 3-carene, (+)-4-carene, biocyclo [4.1.0] hept-2-ene, 3,7,-trimethyl-, cyclohexene l-methyl-4-(1-methylidene), pentanoic acid, D-limonene, 1,3,6-octatriene, caryophyllene and 1,4,7-cycloundecatriene.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh mango had the most volatile compounds compared with stored mango.
- Taxon
- mangoesMangifera indicae0
- Treatment
- Freshe0
- Outcome
- number of volatile compoundse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- frozen mango at -20°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fresh mangoes had the highest number of volatile compounds followed by frozen mango at -20°C and finally chilled mango at 10°C.”
Claim · model-written summary
Frozen mango at -20°C retained more volatile compounds than chilled mango at 10°C.
- Taxon
- mangoesMangifera indicae0
- Treatment
- frozen mango at -20°Ce0
- Outcome
- number of volatile compoundse0
- Direction
- followed bye0
- Comparator
- chilled mango at 10°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fresh mangoes had the highest number of volatile compounds followed by frozen mango at -20°C and finally chilled mango at 10°C.”
Claim · model-written summary
Freezing slightly increased the composition of major volatiles in all three mango species.
- Taxon
- three speciese0
- Treatment
- Freezinge0
- Outcome
- composition of major compoundse0
- Direction
- increased slightlye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Freezing increased slightly the composition of major compounds as listed above in all the three species”
Claim · model-written summary
Frozen mango volatiles closely agreed with those of ideal fully ripe mango.
- Taxon
- mangoMangifera indicae0
- Outcome
- volatilese0
- Direction
- very close agreemente0
- Comparator
- ideal, fully ripe mangoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the volatiles obtained for mango stored in this manner provided very close agreement with those for the ideal, fully ripe mango.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling caused considerable loss of volatile compounds in mango.
- Taxon
- mangoesMangifera indicae0
- Treatment
- Chillinge0
- Outcome
- volatile compoundse0
- Direction
- considerable losse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chilling has resulted in considerable loss of volatile compounds and the effect was lesser in the peel compared to pulp of mangoes.”
Claim · model-written summary
The chilling effect on mango volatiles was smaller in peel than pulp.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect was lesser in the peel compared to pulp of mangoes.”
The same questions in other papers
cold · quality: phytochemicals · Mangifera indica (mango)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.