Abstract
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) against late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans could be induced in tomato plants by pretreatment with the chemical inducer DL-3-aminobutyric acid (3-ABA) and also by preinoculation with the biotic inducer Tobacco necrosis virus (TNV). To investigate the possible role of pathogenesis-related proteins (PR-proteins) in defense mechanisms of tomato plants, the accumulation and localization of tomato PR-protein P14 were studied by immunocytochemical methods. Immunofluorescence labelling revealed that either pretreatment with 3-ABA or preinoculation with TNV led to systemic accumulation of P14 in the untreated upper leaves of tomato plants before challenge inoculation with P. infestans. In contrast, this protein appeared in the leaves of control plants only after fungal inoculation. In the upper leaves of tomato plants pretreated with both inducers, P14 became apparent by immunogold labelling in cell wall thickenings of xylem vessels. After challenge inoculation with P. infestans, P14 was localized in fungal cell walls and the space formed between fungal cell walls and invaginated plasma membrane. An accumulation of P14 was also observed in cell wall appositions (papillae) of the host cells. Almost identical labelling patterns of P14 were observed in the untreated upper leaves of tomato plants pretreated with 3-ABA or preinoculated with TNV. These results suggest that accumulation of P14 seems to be an important mechanism involved in SAR of tomato and the chemical inducer 3-ABA and the biotic activator TNV mediate similar responses in tomato plants.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Pretreatment with 3-ABA or preinoculation with TNV led to systemic accumulation of P14 in untreated upper tomato leaves before challenge inoculation, unlike control plants.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Organ / stage
- untreated upper leavese1
- Treatment
- pretreatment with 3-ABA or preinoculation with TNVe1
- Gene
- P14e1
- Outcome
- systemic accumulation of P14e1
- Comparator
- control plantse2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Immunofluorescence labelling revealed that either pretreatment with 3-ABA or preinoculation with TNV led to systemic accumulation of P14 in the untreated upper leaves of tomato plants before challenge inoculation with P. infestans”
e2“In contrast, this protein appeared in the leaves of control plants only after fungal inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
In upper leaves of tomato plants pretreated with both inducers, P14 became apparent by immunogold labelling in cell wall thickenings of xylem vessels.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume3
- Organ / stage
- cell wall thickenings of xylem vesselse3
- Treatment
- pretreated with both inducerse3
- Gene
- P14e3
- Outcome
- P14 became apparent by immunogold labellinge3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“In the upper leaves of tomato plants pretreated with both inducers, P14 became apparent by immunogold labelling in cell wall thickenings of xylem vessels”
Claim · model-written summary
After challenge with P. infestans, P14 was localized in fungal cell walls and in the space between fungal cell walls and the invaginated plasma membrane.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- P. infestans
Phytophthora infestanse4pathogen - Gene
- P14e4
- Outcome
- localized in fungal cell wallse4
- Qualifier
- the space formed between fungal cell walls and invaginated plasma membranee4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Immunofluorescence labelling revealed that either pretreatment with 3-ABA or preinoculation with TNV led to systemic accumulation of P14 in the untreated upper leaves of tomato plants before challenge inoculation with P. infestans”
e4“After challenge inoculation with P. infestans, P14 was localized in fungal cell walls and the space formed between fungal cell walls and invaginated plasma membrane”
Claim · model-written summary
An accumulation of P14 was also observed in cell wall appositions (papillae) of tomato host cells.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Organ / stage
- cell wall appositions (papillae) of the host cellse5
- Gene
- P14e5
- Outcome
- accumulation of P14e5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Immunofluorescence labelling revealed that either pretreatment with 3-ABA or preinoculation with TNV led to systemic accumulation of P14 in the untreated upper leaves of tomato plants before challenge inoculation with P. infestans”
e5“An accumulation of P14 was also observed in cell wall appositions (papillae) of the host cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Labelling patterns of P14 were almost identical in untreated upper leaves of tomato pretreated with 3-ABA or preinoculated with TNV.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Organ / stage
- untreated upper leavese7
- Treatment
- pretreated with 3-ABA or preinoculated with TNVe7
- Gene
- P14e7
- Outcome
- labelling patterns of P14e7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Almost identical labelling patterns of P14 were observed in the untreated upper leaves of tomato plants pretreated with 3-ABA or preinoculated with TNV”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that P14 accumulation is an important mechanism involved in SAR of tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume6
- Gene
- P14e6
- Outcome
- an important mechanism involved in SARe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“These results suggest that accumulation of P14 seems to be an important mechanism involved in SAR of tomato”
The same questions in other papers
Nicotiana tabacum · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.