Abstract
The demonstrate the effectiveness of gibberellic acid (GA3) in delaying fruit senescence in 'Ruby Red' grapefruit and 'Valencia' oranges under sub-optimal orchard management conditions in tropical Veracruz, Mexico. For grapefruit, one or two applications of three different GA3 doses (15, 20 and 40 mg L-1) with or without surfactant (Silwet® L77) at 0.035, 0.05 or 0.1%, were tested. For oranges, one or two applications of three different GA3 doses (10, 15 and 20 mg L-1) with or without surfactant at 0.05%, were tested. Pre-color break application of GA3, at 10 mg L-1 and 15 mg L-1 with surfactant (0.05%),was sufficient to sustain peel firmness and delay colour development in oranges and grapefruit, respectively. GA3 treatments with surfactant caused increased leaf drop in both citrus cultivars, although this was only noticed in trees treated with the highest surfactant dosages and mainly involved photosynthetically inactive leaves. One application of GA3 at 15 mg L-1 with surfactant (0.05%) significantly increased orange and grapefruit weights, resulting in yield increases of ca. 1.7 t ha-1 for oranges and 1.87 t ha-1 for grapefruit. A significant decrease in orange drop during the late harvest season in GA3 treated trees, resulted in a harvest period that could be extended by up to six weeks. The market value of fruit harvested late in the season is up to eight times the value of fruit harvested when the market is saturated.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 10 mg L-1 with surfactant sustained orange peel firmness and delayed colour.
- Taxon
- ORANGESt0
- Treatment
- GA3, at 10 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- peel firmness and delay colour developmente0
- Direction
- sustaine0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Pre-color break application of GA3, at 10 mg L-1 and 15 mg L-1 with surfactant (0.05%),was sufficient to sustain peel firmness and delay colour development in oranges and grapefruit, respectively”
t0“'VALENCIA' ORANGES”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 15 mg L-1 with surfactant sustained grapefruit peel firmness and delayed colour.
- Taxon
- GRAPEFRUIT
_Pompelino_Grapefruit_002.jpg?width=60)
Citrus ×paradisit0 - Treatment
- 15 mg L-1 with surfactant (0.05%)e0
- Outcome
- peel firmness and delay colour developmente0
- Direction
- delaye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Pompelino_Grapefruit_002.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Pre-color break application of GA3, at 10 mg L-1 and 15 mg L-1 with surfactant (0.05%),was sufficient to sustain peel firmness and delay colour development in oranges and grapefruit, respectively”
t0“'RUBY RED' GRAPEFRUIT”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 with high surfactant doses increased leaf drop in both citrus cultivars.
- Taxon
- GRAPEFRUITCitrus ×paradisit0
- Treatment
- GA3 treatments with surfactante0
- Outcome
- leaf drope0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- highest surfactant dosages and mainly involved photosynthetically inactive leavese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA3 treatments with surfactant caused increased leaf drop in both citrus cultivars, although this was only noticed in trees treated with the highest surfactant dosages and mainly involved photosynthetically inactive leaves”
t0“'RUBY RED' GRAPEFRUIT AND 'VALENCIA' ORANGES”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 15 mg L-1 increased orange fruit weight.
- Taxon
- ORANGESt0
- Treatment
- GA3 at 15 mg L-1 with surfactant (0.05%)e0
- Outcome
- orange and grapefruit weightse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“One application of GA3 at 15 mg L-1 with surfactant (0.05%) significantly increased orange and grapefruit weights”
t0“'VALENCIA' ORANGES”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 yielded about 1.7 t ha-1 more oranges.
- Taxon
- ORANGESt0
- Treatment
- GA3 at 15 mg L-1 with surfactant (0.05%)e1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- ca. 1.7 t ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“yield increases of ca. 1.7 t ha-1 for oranges and 1.87 t ha-1 for grapefruit”
e1“One application of GA3 at 15 mg L-1 with surfactant (0.05%)”
t0“'VALENCIA' ORANGES”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 yielded 1.87 t ha-1 more grapefruit.
- Taxon
- GRAPEFRUITCitrus ×paradisit0
- Treatment
- GA3 at 15 mg L-1 with surfactant (0.05%)e1
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 1.87 t ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield increases of ca. 1.7 t ha-1 for oranges and 1.87 t ha-1 for grapefruit”
e1“One application of GA3 at 15 mg L-1 with surfactant (0.05%)”
t0“'RUBY RED' GRAPEFRUIT”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 significantly reduced late-season orange drop.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A significant decrease in orange drop during the late harvest season in GA3 treated trees”
t0“'VALENCIA' ORANGES”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced orange drop extended harvest by up to six weeks.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“resulted in a harvest period that could be extended by up to six weeks”
e1“GA3 treated trees”
t0“'VALENCIA' ORANGES”
Claim · model-written summary
Late-season fruit had up to eight times the market value of fruit sold at saturation.
- Taxon
- GRAPEFRUITCitrus ×paradisit0
- Outcome
- market value of fruite0
- Direction
- up to eight timese0
- Comparator
- fruit harvested when the market is saturatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The market value of fruit harvested late in the season is up to eight times the value of fruit harvested when the market is saturated”
t0“'RUBY RED' GRAPEFRUIT AND 'VALENCIA' ORANGES”
The same questions in other papers
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- no effect
- negative
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See all 25 papers →Gibberellic acid · quality: postharvest · Citrus sinensis (sweet orange)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →Gibberellic acid · yield · Citrus x paradisi (grapefruit)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.