Abstract
Planting sterilized corn grains in soil, treated with the mold inhibitors Fix-a-tox (FAT) or Antitox Plus (AP) resulted, in cases, in dwarfed and malformed corn plants and in the development of deformed, bone-shaped and grain-free corn cobs. Moreover, treating corn grains with the mold inhibitors before storage for one month caused significant changes in some nutritional components of corn grains, i.e. proteins, aminoacids, crude fibers, moisture, fats, ash and carbohydrates. Insignificant differences in protein percetage were detected between control inoculated with Aspergillus flavus and those treated with butyl hydroxyanisole (BHA) antioxidant or FAT treatments, whereas ground clove significantly reduced protein content. In corn grains inoculated with Fusariumverticillioides, previous treatment with FAT resulted in significant reduction in the content of proline, aspartic acid, cysteine, valine, isoleucine and leucine, whereas treatment with BHA significantly reduced the content of threonine, serine, glutamic, glycine, alanine, phenylalanine and tyrosine. In Aspergillus flavus treatments, FAT significantly increased the content of methionine and threonine, whereas, aspartic acid showed 26 percentage decreases, compared to the control. Pronounced reductions in threonine, isoleucine and leucine were also detected in corn grains treated with BHA. Significant increases in fiber content were detected in inoculated corn grains treated with BHA, attaining 1.34 to 2.05-fold over that of control, respectively. Treatment with FAT and BHA led to pronounced reductions in moisture content in corn inoculated with both F. verticilloides and A. flavus trials. However, treatment with ground clove significantly increased the moisture content in A. flavus treatment. FAT treatment led to significant increase in ash and fat contents in both A. flavus and F. verticilloides treatments, whereas the other tested treatments of F. verticilloides significantly reduced ash content. Treatment with ground clove significantly reduced fat content in A. flavus treatment. All the tested materials significantly reduced carbohydrate content.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Fix-a-tox treatment sometimes produced dwarfed and malformed corn plants and deformed grain-free cobs.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- Fix-a-tox (FAT)e0
- Outcome
- dwarfed and malformed corn plants and in the development of deformed, bone-shaped and grain-free corn cobse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting sterilized corn grains in soil, treated with the mold inhibitors Fix-a-tox (FAT) or Antitox Plus (AP) resulted, in cases, in dwarfed and malformed corn plants and in the development of deformed, bone-shaped and grain-free corn cobs”
Claim · model-written summary
Antitox Plus treatment sometimes produced dwarfed and malformed corn plants and deformed grain-free cobs.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Antitox Plus (AP)e0
- Outcome
- dwarfed and malformed corn plants and in the development of deformed, bone-shaped and grain-free corn cobse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting sterilized corn grains in soil, treated with the mold inhibitors Fix-a-tox (FAT) or Antitox Plus (AP) resulted, in cases, in dwarfed and malformed corn plants and in the development of deformed, bone-shaped and grain-free corn cobs”
Claim · model-written summary
Mold inhibitor treatment before storage significantly changed several nutritional components of corn grains.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- mold inhibitorse0
- Outcome
- nutritional components of corn grainse0
- Qualifier
- before storage for one monthe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treating corn grains with the mold inhibitors before storage for one month caused significant changes in some nutritional components of corn grains, i.e. proteins, aminoacids, crude fibers, moisture, fats, ash and carbohydrates”
Claim · model-written summary
BHA and FAT did not significantly differ from control for protein percentage in A. flavus inoculated corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- butyl hydroxyanisole (BHA) antioxidant or FAT treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus flavuse0pathogen - Outcome
- protein percetagee0
- Comparator
- control inoculated with Aspergillus flavuse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Insignificant differences in protein percetage were detected between control inoculated with Aspergillus flavus and those treated with butyl hydroxyanisole (BHA) antioxidant or FAT treatments”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Ground clove significantly reduced protein content in A. flavus inoculated corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- ground clovee0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas ground clove significantly reduced protein content”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
FAT significantly reduced six amino acids in F. verticillioides inoculated corn grains.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- FATe0
- Interactor
- Fusariumverticillioidese0pathogen
- Outcome
- content of proline, aspartic acid, cysteine, valine, isoleucine and leucinee0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In corn grains inoculated with Fusariumverticillioides, previous treatment with FAT resulted in significant reduction in the content of proline, aspartic acid, cysteine, valine, isoleucine and leucine”
Claim · model-written summary
BHA significantly reduced seven amino acids in F. verticillioides inoculated corn grains.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- BHAe0
- Outcome
- content of threonine, serine, glutamic, glycine, alanine, phenylalanine and tyrosinee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment with BHA significantly reduced the content of threonine, serine, glutamic, glycine, alanine, phenylalanine and tyrosine”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
FAT increased methionine and threonine content under A. flavus treatment.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- FATe0
- Interactor
- Aspergillus flavusAspergillus flavuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- content of methionine and threoninee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Aspergillus flavus treatments, FAT significantly increased the content of methionine and threonine”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Aspartic acid decreased 26 percentage under A. flavus treatments.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- aspartic acide0
- Direction
- decreasese0
- Value
- 26 percentagee0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aspartic acid showed 26 percentage decreases, compared to the control”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
BHA reduced threonine, isoleucine and leucine in corn grains.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- BHAe0
- Outcome
- threonine, isoleucine and leucinee0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pronounced reductions in threonine, isoleucine and leucine were also detected in corn grains treated with BHA”
Claim · model-written summary
BHA significantly increased fiber content in inoculated corn grains.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- BHAe0
- Outcome
- fiber contente0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 1.34 to 2.05-folde0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant increases in fiber content were detected in inoculated corn grains treated with BHA, attaining 1.34 to 2.05-fold over that of control”
Claim · model-written summary
FAT reduced moisture in corn inoculated with both fungi.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- FATe0
- Interactor
- F. verticilloidese0pathogen
- Second interactor
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- moisture contente0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with FAT and BHA led to pronounced reductions in moisture content in corn inoculated with both F. verticilloides and A. flavus trials”
Claim · model-written summary
BHA reduced moisture in corn inoculated with both fungi.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- BHAe0
- Interactor
- F. verticilloidese0pathogen
- Second interactor
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- moisture contente0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with FAT and BHA led to pronounced reductions in moisture content in corn inoculated with both F. verticilloides and A. flavus trials”
Claim · model-written summary
Ground clove increased moisture content in A. flavus treated corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- ground clovee0
- Interactor
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- moisture contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment with ground clove significantly increased the moisture content in A. flavus treatment”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
FAT increased ash content in both fungal treatments.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- FATe0
- Interactor
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0pathogen
- Second interactor
- F. verticilloidese0pathogen
- Outcome
- ashe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FAT treatment led to significant increase in ash and fat contents in both A. flavus and F. verticilloides treatments”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
FAT increased fat content in both fungal treatments.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- FATe0
- Outcome
- fat contentse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FAT treatment led to significant increase in ash and fat contents in both A. flavus and F. verticilloides treatments”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Other tested treatments reduced ash content in F. verticillioides inoculated corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- other tested treatmentse0
- Interactor
- F. verticilloidese0pathogen
- Outcome
- ash contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the other tested treatments of F. verticilloides significantly reduced ash content”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Ground clove reduced fat content in A. flavus treated corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- ground clovee0
- Interactor
- A. flavusAspergillus flavuse0pathogen
- Outcome
- fat contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with ground clove significantly reduced fat content in A. flavus treatment”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
All tested materials reduced carbohydrate content.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- All the tested materialse0
- Outcome
- carbohydrate contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the tested materials significantly reduced carbohydrate content”
t0“Corn”
The same questions in other papers
Syzygium aromaticum · quality: protein · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.