Abstract
A field experiment was carried out during 2010 and 2011 at the Research Farm of Krishi Nagar, J N Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur (Madhya Pradesh). The treatments consisted of weed control practices, viz. bispyribac sodium, penoxsulam, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, cyhalofop-butyl + almix, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + almix and control as main plot treatment and three day time application (morning, afternoon and evening) as sub plot treatment and laidout in split plot design in three replications. In rice (Oryza sativa L.)-weed ecosystem the solar energy utilization by weeds was maximum under control plot (836.46 and 786.52 lakh k cal/ha) where transplanting of crop was done without controlling of weeds, whereas pyrazosulfuron-ethyl treated plot registered lowest energy utilization (285.21 and 286.78 lakh k cal/ha) by weeds during both the years. The energy utilization by crop grain and straw was maximum with post emergence application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (527.83 and 533.65; 274.20 and 280.00 lakh k cal/ha). The studies on NPK removal by weeds and uptake by crop showed that the weed control treatments caused significant variations on these parameters. Application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl also reduced the N (4.90 and 4.33 kg/ha), P (0.34 and 0.29 kg/ ha) and K (3.76 and 3.30 kg/ha) removal by weeds as compared to other herbicides and weedy check during both the years. The N (166.54 and 169.19 kg/ha), P (49.10 and 49.64 kg/ha) and K (170.95 and 173.13 kg/ha) uptake by crop was recorded higher with the application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl. However, different day time application of post emergence herbicides was found statistically non-significant for energy and nutrient utilization by weeds and crop.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Solar energy utilization by weeds was maximum in the weedy control plot where rice was transplanted without weed control.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Interactor
- weedse1weed
- Outcome
- solar energy utilization by weedse1
- Value
- 836.46 and 786.52 lakh k cal/hae1
- Qualifier
- where transplanting of crop was done without controlling of weedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In rice (Oryza sativa L.)-weed ecosystem the solar energy utilization by weeds was maximum under control plot (836.46 and 786.52 lakh k cal/ha) where transplanting of crop was done without controlling of weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl gave the lowest energy utilization by weeds.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- pyrazosulfuron-ethyle2
- Interactor
- weedse2weed
- Outcome
- energy utilizatione2
- Direction
- loweste2
- Value
- 285.21 and 286.78 lakh k cal/hae2
- Qualifier
- during both the yearse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In rice (Oryza sativa L.)-weed ecosystem the solar energy utilization by weeds was maximum under control plot (836.46 and 786.52 lakh k cal/ha) where transplanting of crop was done without controlling of weeds”
e2“whereas pyrazosulfuron-ethyl treated plot registered lowest energy utilization (285.21 and 286.78 lakh k cal/ha) by weeds during both the years”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-emergence pyrazosulfuron-ethyl gave the maximum energy utilization by rice grain.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- post emergence application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyle3
- Outcome
- energy utilization by crop grain and strawe3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Value
- 527.83 and 533.65e3
- Qualifier
- graine3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In rice (Oryza sativa L.)-weed ecosystem the solar energy utilization by weeds was maximum under control plot (836.46 and 786.52 lakh k cal/ha) where transplanting of crop was done without controlling of weeds”
e3“The energy utilization by crop grain and straw was maximum with post emergence application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (527.83 and 533.65; 274.20 and 280.00 lakh k cal/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-emergence pyrazosulfuron-ethyl gave the maximum energy utilization by rice straw.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- post emergence application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyle3
- Outcome
- energy utilization by crop grain and strawe3
- Direction
- maximume3
- Value
- 274.20 and 280.00 lakh k cal/hae3
- Qualifier
- strawe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In rice (Oryza sativa L.)-weed ecosystem the solar energy utilization by weeds was maximum under control plot (836.46 and 786.52 lakh k cal/ha) where transplanting of crop was done without controlling of weeds”
e3“The energy utilization by crop grain and straw was maximum with post emergence application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (527.83 and 533.65; 274.20 and 280.00 lakh k cal/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl reduced nitrogen removal by weeds compared with other herbicides and the weedy check.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- pyrazosulfuron-ethyle4
- Interactor
- weedse4weed
- Outcome
- removal by weedse4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- 4.90 and 4.33 kg/hae4
- Qualifier
- Ne4
- Comparator
- other herbicides and weedy checke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In rice (Oryza sativa L.)-weed ecosystem the solar energy utilization by weeds was maximum under control plot (836.46 and 786.52 lakh k cal/ha) where transplanting of crop was done without controlling of weeds”
e4“Application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl also reduced the N (4.90 and 4.33 kg/ha), P (0.34 and 0.29 kg/ ha) and K (3.76 and 3.30 kg/ha) removal by weeds as compared to other herbicides and weedy check during both the years”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl reduced phosphorus removal by weeds compared with other herbicides and the weedy check.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- pyrazosulfuron-ethyle4
- Interactor
- weedse4weed
- Outcome
- removal by weedse4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- 0.34 and 0.29 kg/ hae4
- Qualifier
- Pe4
- Comparator
- other herbicides and weedy checke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In rice (Oryza sativa L.)-weed ecosystem the solar energy utilization by weeds was maximum under control plot (836.46 and 786.52 lakh k cal/ha) where transplanting of crop was done without controlling of weeds”
e4“Application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl also reduced the N (4.90 and 4.33 kg/ha), P (0.34 and 0.29 kg/ ha) and K (3.76 and 3.30 kg/ha) removal by weeds as compared to other herbicides and weedy check during both the years”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl reduced potassium removal by weeds compared with other herbicides and the weedy check.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- pyrazosulfuron-ethyle4
- Interactor
- weedse4weed
- Outcome
- removal by weedse4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- 3.76 and 3.30 kg/hae4
- Qualifier
- Ke4
- Comparator
- other herbicides and weedy checke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In rice (Oryza sativa L.)-weed ecosystem the solar energy utilization by weeds was maximum under control plot (836.46 and 786.52 lakh k cal/ha) where transplanting of crop was done without controlling of weeds”
e4“Application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl also reduced the N (4.90 and 4.33 kg/ha), P (0.34 and 0.29 kg/ ha) and K (3.76 and 3.30 kg/ha) removal by weeds as compared to other herbicides and weedy check during both the years”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl gave higher nitrogen uptake by the rice crop.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyle5
- Outcome
- uptake by crope5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 166.54 and 169.19 kg/hae5
- Qualifier
- Ne5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In rice (Oryza sativa L.)-weed ecosystem the solar energy utilization by weeds was maximum under control plot (836.46 and 786.52 lakh k cal/ha) where transplanting of crop was done without controlling of weeds”
e5“The N (166.54 and 169.19 kg/ha), P (49.10 and 49.64 kg/ha) and K (170.95 and 173.13 kg/ha) uptake by crop was recorded higher with the application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl gave higher phosphorus uptake by the rice crop.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyle5
- Outcome
- uptake by crope5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 49.10 and 49.64 kg/hae5
- Qualifier
- Pe5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In rice (Oryza sativa L.)-weed ecosystem the solar energy utilization by weeds was maximum under control plot (836.46 and 786.52 lakh k cal/ha) where transplanting of crop was done without controlling of weeds”
e5“The N (166.54 and 169.19 kg/ha), P (49.10 and 49.64 kg/ha) and K (170.95 and 173.13 kg/ha) uptake by crop was recorded higher with the application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl gave higher potassium uptake by the rice crop.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyle5
- Outcome
- uptake by crope5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 170.95 and 173.13 kg/hae5
- Qualifier
- Ke5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In rice (Oryza sativa L.)-weed ecosystem the solar energy utilization by weeds was maximum under control plot (836.46 and 786.52 lakh k cal/ha) where transplanting of crop was done without controlling of weeds”
e5“The N (166.54 and 169.19 kg/ha), P (49.10 and 49.64 kg/ha) and K (170.95 and 173.13 kg/ha) uptake by crop was recorded higher with the application of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl”
Claim · model-written summary
Day-time timing of post-emergence herbicide application did not significantly change energy and nutrient utilization by weeds and crop.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- different day time application of post emergence herbicidese6
- Outcome
- energy and nutrient utilization by weeds and crope6
- Direction
- statistically non-significante6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In rice (Oryza sativa L.)-weed ecosystem the solar energy utilization by weeds was maximum under control plot (836.46 and 786.52 lakh k cal/ha) where transplanting of crop was done without controlling of weeds”
e6“However, different day time application of post emergence herbicides was found statistically non-significant for energy and nutrient utilization by weeds and crop”
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