Abstract
Field trials were established on central Queensland roadsides to compare the effi cacy of herbicide treatments on parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) germination and growth, as well as potential effects on grass cover. A key fi nding was the increased pre-emergent control of parthenium weed from a higher rate (36 g a.i. ha) of metsulfuron-methyl (Brush-offTM) compared to current practices (4.2 g a.i. ha), whilst maintaining comparable grass cover. The herbicides atrazine (AtrazineTM 500), imazapic (FlameTM), and tebuthiuron (GraslanTM) also reduced parthenium weed emergence. Varying post-emergent activity was exhibited by the herbicides tested, which included imazapyr (ArsenalTM 250) and glyphosate (RoundupTM). The roadside trials focused on primary herbicide treatments that selectively removed parthenium weed and reduced height growth of vegetation, but retained perennial ground cover in order to reduce the likelihood of parthenium weed re-invasion.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Higher-rate metsulfuron-methyl (36 g a.i. ha) increased pre-emergent control of parthenium weed compared with current practice rates (4.2 g a.i. ha) on central Queensland roadsides.
Verbatim
e0“Field trials were established on central Queensland roadsides”
e1“the increased pre-emergent control of parthenium weed from a higher rate (36 g a.i. ha) of metsulfuron-methyl (Brush-offTM) compared to current practices (4.2 g a.i. ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher-rate metsulfuron-methyl maintained grass cover comparable to current practice.
Verbatim
e1“the increased pre-emergent control of parthenium weed from a higher rate (36 g a.i. ha) of metsulfuron-methyl (Brush-offTM) compared to current practices (4.2 g a.i. ha)”
e2“whilst maintaining comparable grass cover”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine, imazapic and tebuthiuron reduced parthenium weed emergence.
- Taxon
- parthenium weede3
- Treatment
- atrazine (AtrazineTM 500), imazapic (FlameTM), and tebuthiuron (GraslanTM)e3
- Outcome
- parthenium weed emergencee3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e3“The herbicides atrazine (AtrazineTM 500), imazapic (FlameTM), and tebuthiuron (GraslanTM) also reduced parthenium weed emergence”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-emergent activity varied among the herbicides tested, including imazapyr and glyphosate, against parthenium weed.
- Taxon
- parthenium weede5
- Treatment
- imazapyr (ArsenalTM 250) and glyphosate (RoundupTM)e4
- Outcome
- post-emergent activitye4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e4“Varying post-emergent activity was exhibited by the herbicides tested, which included imazapyr (ArsenalTM 250) and glyphosate (RoundupTM)”
e5“to compare the effi cacy of herbicide treatments on parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) germination and growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Primary herbicide treatments selectively removed parthenium weed on roadsides.
- Taxon
- parthenium weede6
- Treatment
- primary herbicide treatmentse6
- Outcome
- parthenium weede6
- Direction
- removede6
- Qualifier
- selectivelye6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e6“primary herbicide treatments that selectively removed parthenium weed”
Claim · model-written summary
Primary herbicide treatments reduced height growth of roadside vegetation.
- Taxon
- parthenium weede6
- Treatment
- primary herbicide treatmentse6
- Outcome
- height growth of vegetatione7
- Direction
- reducede7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e6“primary herbicide treatments that selectively removed parthenium weed”
e7“reduced height growth of vegetation”
Claim · model-written summary
Primary herbicide treatments retained perennial ground cover while removing parthenium weed.
- Taxon
- parthenium weede7
- Treatment
- primary herbicide treatmentse6
- Outcome
- perennial ground covere7
- Direction
- retainede7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e6“primary herbicide treatments that selectively removed parthenium weed”
e7“but retained perennial ground cover in order to reduce the likelihood of parthenium weed re-invasion”