Abstract
The fruit growth and development of different cultivars of chinquapin were systematically studied. The results indicated that chinquapin fruits could be divided into two parts as bur and nut. The burs of most cultivars bore only one nut while some few bore one to three nuts. The shapes, sizes and weights of nuts varied from cultivars to cultivars. Most cultivars of chinquapin shed flowers between late May and early June and then formed young fruits that would gradually grow and develop. The whole development process could be divided into two stages. In the early stage before early August, the bur rapidly grew while the increase of nuts' weights declined. The anatomy of fruits in different early stages showed that only milky white hairs were seen in 8 to 10 loculi and only an ovule under development was seen on the top of fruits while the others turned brown; during the late stage after middle of August, the increase in the volumes of prickly burs slowed down while the weight of single fruit increased rapidly before finally matured. The anatomies showed that ovules quickly developed into seeds with disappearing white hairs. As fruits matured, fleshy cotyledons would occupy the whole fruit space. During this stage, once ovules developed abnormally, the phenomena of 'empty seeded ness' would happen. The single fruit weight of different varieties varied little in the early stages but significantly different during the late stage. Most cultivars had closer harvest periods except few ones. The transverse and vertical development of chinquapin fruits were positively related with the changes of single fruit weights. The growth and development of chinquapin fruits featured an S-shape curve representing Quick-Slow-Quick trend.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
The results indicated that chinquapin fruits could be divided into two parts as bur and nut
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)
_02.jpg?width=60)
Castanea henryit0 - Outcome
- The results indicated that chinquapin fruits could be divided into two parts as bur and nute0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_02.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated that chinquapin fruits could be divided into two parts as bur and nut”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
The burs of most cultivars bore only one nut while some few bore one to three nuts
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- The burs of most cultivars bore only one nut while some few bore one to three nutse0
- Value
- one to three nutse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The burs of most cultivars bore only one nut while some few bore one to three nuts”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
The shapes, sizes and weights of nuts varied from cultivars to cultivars
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- The shapes, sizes and weights of nuts varied from cultivars to cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The shapes, sizes and weights of nuts varied from cultivars to cultivars”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
Most cultivars of chinquapin shed flowers between late May and early June and then formed young fruits that would gradually grow and develop
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- Most cultivars of chinquapin shed flowers between late May and early June and then formed young fruits that would gradually grow and develope0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most cultivars of chinquapin shed flowers between late May and early June and then formed young fruits that would gradually grow and develop”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
The whole development process could be divided into two stages
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- The whole development process could be divided into two stagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The whole development process could be divided into two stages”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
In the early stage before early August, the bur rapidly grew while the increase of nuts' weights declined
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- In the early stage before early August, the bur rapidly grew while the increase of nuts' weights declinede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the early stage before early August, the bur rapidly grew while the increase of nuts' weights declined”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
only milky white hairs were seen in 8 to 10 loculi
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- only milky white hairs were seen in 8 to 10 loculie0
- Value
- 8 to 10 loculie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only milky white hairs were seen in 8 to 10 loculi”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
only an ovule under development was seen on the top of fruits while the others turned brown
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- only an ovule under development was seen on the top of fruits while the others turned browne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only an ovule under development was seen on the top of fruits while the others turned brown”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
during the late stage after middle of August, the increase in the volumes of prickly burs slowed down while the weight of single fruit increased rapidly before finally matured
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- during the late stage after middle of August, the increase in the volumes of prickly burs slowed down while the weight of single fruit increased rapidly before finally maturede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“during the late stage after middle of August, the increase in the volumes of prickly burs slowed down while the weight of single fruit increased rapidly before finally matured”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
ovules quickly developed into seeds with disappearing white hairs
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- ovules quickly developed into seeds with disappearing white hairse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ovules quickly developed into seeds with disappearing white hairs”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
As fruits matured, fleshy cotyledons would occupy the whole fruit space
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- As fruits matured, fleshy cotyledons would occupy the whole fruit spacee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As fruits matured, fleshy cotyledons would occupy the whole fruit space”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
once ovules developed abnormally, the phenomena of 'empty seeded ness' would happen
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- once ovules developed abnormally, the phenomena of 'empty seeded ness' would happene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“once ovules developed abnormally, the phenomena of 'empty seeded ness' would happen”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
The single fruit weight of different varieties varied little in the early stages but significantly different during the late stage
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- The single fruit weight of different varieties varied little in the early stages but significantly different during the late stagee0
- Direction
- significantly differente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The single fruit weight of different varieties varied little in the early stages but significantly different during the late stage”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
Most cultivars had closer harvest periods except few ones
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- Most cultivars had closer harvest periods except few onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Most cultivars had closer harvest periods except few ones”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
The transverse and vertical development of chinquapin fruits were positively related with the changes of single fruit weights
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- The transverse and vertical development of chinquapin fruits were positively related with the changes of single fruit weightse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The transverse and vertical development of chinquapin fruits were positively related with the changes of single fruit weights”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”
Claim · model-written summary
The growth and development of chinquapin fruits featured an S-shape curve representing Quick-Slow-Quick trend
- Taxon
- CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)Castanea henryit0
- Outcome
- The growth and development of chinquapin fruits featured an S-shape curve representing Quick-Slow-Quick trende0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth and development of chinquapin fruits featured an S-shape curve representing Quick-Slow-Quick trend”
t0“CHINQUAPIN (CASTANEA HENRYI)”